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Volume 17, Number 7,
Issue of April 1, 1997
pp. 2376-2382
Copyright ©1997 Society for Neuroscience
Prostaglandin D Synthase ( -Trace) in Human Arachnoid and
Meningioma Cells: Roles as a Cell Marker or in Cerebrospinal Fluid
Absorption, Tumorigenesis, and Calcification Process
Received Sept. 26, 1996; revised Dec. 18, 1996; accepted Jan. 9, 1997.
Tetsumori Yamashima1,
Kazushige Sakuda1,
Yasuo Tohma1,
Junkoh Yamashita1,
Hiroshi Oda2,
Daisuke Irikura3,
Naomi Eguchi4,
Carsten T. Beuckmann3,
Yoshihide Kanaoka3,
Yoshihiro Urade3, and
Osamu Hayaishi3
1 Department of Neurosurgery, Kanazawa University
School of Medicine, Kanazawa 920, Japan, 2 Department of
Biological Chemistry, Central Research Institute, Maruha Corporation,
Tsukuba 300-42, Japan, 3 Department of Molecular Behavioral
Biology, Osaka Bioscience Institute, Osaka 565, Japan, and
4 Department of Precursory Research for Embryonic Science
and Technology, Osaka 590-02, Japan
Glutathione-independent prostaglandin D synthase (PGDS) is an
enzyme responsible for biosynthesis of prostaglandin D2 in
the CNS and is identical to a major cerebrospinal fluid protein,
 -trace. Although PGDS has been identified recently in rat
leptomeninges, little information is available about human meninges or
meningiomas. Here, we report PGDS to be expressed consistently in 10 human arachnoid and arachnoid villi and in 21 meningiomas by
immunohistochemistry, Western blot, and reverse transcription (RT)-PCR
analyses. In arachnoid, PGDS immunoreactivity was seen in arachnoid
barrier cells but was negligible in arachnoid trabecula and pia mater. In contrast, in arachnoid villi, PGDS was seen in core arachnoid cells
rather than in the cap cell cluster or arachnoid cell layer. Meningioma
cells also showed intense immunoreactivity in the perinuclear region,
and it was often concentrated within meningocytic whorls and around
calcifying psammoma bodies. Immunoelectron microscopic data, when
compared with the ultrastructure, showed that PGDS was localized at
rough endoplasmatic reticulum of arachnoid and meningioma cells.
Western blot showed a 29 kDa immunoreactive band indicating PGDS, but
the extent of expression was variable from case to case, which was
compatible with immunohistochemical data. RT-PCR revealed PGDS gene
expression in all meningiomas studied, regardless of histological
subtypes, and also in human arachnoid villi. Because human arachnoid
and meningioma cells exclusively express PGDS, it can be considered
their specific cell marker. These results show functional differences
in various types of meningeal cells attributable to differences in PGDS
expression.
Key words:
arachnoid;
arachnoid villus;
meningioma;
prostaglandin D
synthase;
-trace;
prostaglandin;
cerebrospinal fluid
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