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The Journal of Neuroscience, June 15, 1998, 18(12):4684-4696

Expression of GDNF Family Receptor Components during Development: Implications in the Mechanisms of Interaction

Tian Yu1, Sheila Scully2, Yanbin Yu, Gary M. Fox2, Shuqian Jing2, and Renping Zhou1

1 Laboratory for Cancer Research, Department of Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08855, and 2 Amgen Incorporated, Amgen Center, Thousand Oaks, California 91320-1789

Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) and a related factor, neurturin, promote survival of diverse groups of neurons. Both GDNF and neurturin signal via a two-component receptor complex that consists of a ligand-binding GDNF family receptor (GFRalpha -1 or GFRalpha -2) and the receptor protein tyrosine kinase Ret. Recently, a third receptor related to GFRalpha -1 and GFRalpha -2 has also been isolated and designated GFRalpha -3. Although much is known about the interaction among GDNF family factors, Ret, and the alpha -receptors in vitro, it remains unclear about their interactions in vivo. We show here by in situ hybridization that Ret and the alpha -receptors may be colocalized in the same tissues or expressed separately in projecting and target tissues, respectively, indicating that two distinct modes of interaction between Ret and the alpha -receptors exist in vivo. First, Ret may interact with the alpha -receptors expressed in the same cells (termed interaction "in cis") in many tissues and cell populations that respond to GDNF and/or neurturin, such as the substantia nigra, dorsal root ganglia, spinal cord motoneurons, kidney, and intestine. Second, Ret may interact with the alpha -receptors localized in the target neurons (termed interaction "in trans"). In addition, we present evidence in vitro that GFRalpha -1 mediates Ret activation by GDNF in trans. These observations suggest that there are multiple mechanisms regulating the interaction between Ret and the alpha -receptors that mediates the effects of GDNF family trophic factors on the survival and differentiation of cells and on neuron-target interactions in the nervous system.

Key words: neurotrophic factors; Ret tyrosine kinase; GDNF family receptors; neurturin; neuron-target interaction; in situ hybridization


Copyright © 1998 Society for Neuroscience  0270-6474/98/18124684-13$05.00/0


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