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The Journal of Neuroscience, June 15, 1998, 18(12):4785-4799
Synaptic Depression and the Temporal Response Characteristics
of V1 Cells
Frances S.
Chance,
Sacha B.
Nelson, and
L. F.
Abbott
Volen Center and Department of Biology, Brandeis University,
Waltham, Massachusetts 02254-9110
We explore the effects of short-term synaptic depression on the
temporal dynamics of V1 responses to visual images by constructing a
model simple cell. Synaptic depression is modeled on the basis of
previous detailed fits to experimental data. A component of synaptic
depression operating in the range of hundreds of milliseconds can
account for a number of the unique temporal characteristics of cortical
neurons, including the bandpass nature of frequency-response curves,
increases in response amplitude and in cutoff frequency for transient
stimuli, nonlinear temporal summation, and contrast-dependent shifts in
response phase. Synaptic depression also provides a mechanism for
generating the temporal phase shifts needed to produce direction
selectivity, and a model constructed along these lines matches both
extracellular and intracellular data. A slower component of depression
can reproduce the effects of contrast adaptation.
Key words:
primary visual cortex; short-term plasticity; direction
selectivity; contrast adaptation; simple cells; temporal summation
Copyright © 1998 Society for Neuroscience 0270-6474/98/18124785-15$05.00/0
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