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The Journal of Neuroscience, July 15, 1998, 18(14):5203-5211
Neuronal Matrix Metalloproteinase-2 Degrades and Inactivates a
Neurite-Inhibiting Chondroitin Sulfate Proteoglycan
Jian
Zuo1,
Toby A.
Ferguson1,
Yosbani J.
Hernandez1,
William G.
Stetler-Stevenson2, and
David
Muir1
1 Departments of Pediatrics (Neurology Division) and
Neuroscience, University of Florida Brain Institute and College of
Medicine, Gainesville, Florida 32610-0296, and
2 Extracellular Matrix Pathology Section, Laboratory of
Pathology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of
Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs) are implicated in the
regulation of axonal growth. We previously reported that the neurite-promoting activity of laminin is inhibited by association with
a Schwann cell-derived CSPG and that endoneurial laminin may be
inhibited by this CSPG as well [Zuo J, Hernandez YJ, Muir D (1998)
Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan with neurite-inhibiting activity is
upregulated after peripheral nerve injury. J Neurobiol 34:41-54]. Mechanisms regulating axonal growth were studied by using
an in vitro bioassay in which regenerating embryonic
dorsal root ganglionic neurons (DRGn) were grown on sections of normal adult nerve. DRGn achieved slow neuritic growth on sections of normal
nerve, which was reduced significantly by treatment with metalloproteinase inhibitors. Similar results were obtained on a
synthetic substratum composed of laminin and inhibitory CSPG. DRGn
expressed the matrix metalloproteinase, MMP-2, which was transported to
the growth cone. Recombinant MMP-2 inactivated the neurite-inhibiting
CSPG without hindering the neurite-promoting potential of laminin.
Similarly, neuritic growth by DRGn cultured on normal nerve sections
was increased markedly by first treating the nerve sections with MMP-2.
The proteolytic deinhibition by MMP-2 was equivalent to and nonadditive
with that achieved by chondroitinase, suggesting that both enzymes
inactivated inhibitory CSPG. Additionally, the increases in neuritic
growth resulting from treating nerve sections with MMP-2 or
chondroitinase were blocked by anti-laminin antibodies. From these
results we conclude that MMP-2 provides a mechanism for the
deinhibition of laminin in the endoneurial basal lamina and may play an
important role in the regeneration of peripheral nerve.
Key words:
chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan; matrix
metalloproteinase; neuronal regeneration; neurite inhibitor; basal
lamina; peripheral nerve; laminin; cryoculture
Copyright © 1998 Society for Neuroscience 0270-6474/98/18145203-09$05.00/0
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