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The Journal of Neuroscience, July 15, 1998, 18(14):5456-5462

Leukemia Inhibitory Factor Is an Anti-Inflammatory and Analgesic Cytokine

Lisa R. Banner¹, Paul H. Patterson¹, Andrew Allchorne², Steve Poole³, and Clifford J. Woolf^{2, 4}

¹ Division of Biology, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, ² Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, England, ³ Division of Endocrinology, National Institute for Biological Standards and Control, Herts EN6 3QG, England, and ⁴ Department of Anesthesiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129

The mRNA for leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), a neuroimmune signaling molecule, is elevated during skin inflammation produced by intraplantar injection of complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA). Moreover, although LIF knock-out mice display normal sensitivity to cutaneous mechanical and thermal stimulation compared with wild-type mice, the degree of CFA-induced inflammation in mice lacking LIF is enhanced in spatial extent, amplitude, cellular infiltrate, and interleukin (IL)-1 and nerve growth factor (NGF) expression. Conversely, local injection of low doses of recombinant LIF diminishes mechanical and thermal hypersensitivity as well as the IL-1 and NGF expression induced by CFA. These data show that upregulation of LIF during peripheral inflammation serves a key, early anti-inflammatory role and that exogenous LIF can reduce inflammatory hyperalgesia.

Key words: pain; inflammation; edema; hyperalgesia; primary sensory neuron; analgesia

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Copyright © 1998 Society for Neuroscience  0270-6474/98/18145456-07$05.00/0

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