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The Journal of Neuroscience, September 1, 1998, 18(17):6672-6680
Transcriptional Effects of Estrogen on Neuronal Neurotensin
Gene Expression Involve cAMP/Protein Kinase A-Dependent Signaling
Mechanisms
Jyoti J.
Watters1 and
Daniel M.
Dorsa1, 2
Departments of 1 Pharmacology and
2 Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of
Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195
Steroid hormones exert dramatic effects on neuronal expression of
genes that encode neuropeptides. Expression of the
neurotensin/neuromedin (NT/N) gene in preoptic area neurons is
dramatically enhanced by estrogen in vivo, even though
its promoter lacks palindromic estrogen response elements. We report
here that estrogen promotes transcription of this gene by interactions
with the cAMP cascade in a neuronal cell line, SK-N-SH, and in a mouse
model. In neuroblastoma cells, estrogen increases cAMP and the
phosphorylation of the cAMP response element-binding protein in a time
frame that precedes induction of NT/N gene transcription. Interference
with the cAMP/protein kinase A signal transduction cascade blocks the
ability of estrogen to elicit increases in transcription of this gene.
Furthermore, in studies performed in vivo using mice
deficient in protein kinase A, estrogen fails to induce increases in
NT/N mRNA but retains its ability to promote estrogen response
element-dependent progesterone receptor gene transcription. These data
represent the first report of a nonclassical effect of estrogen on the
expression of an endogenous estrogen-regulated neuropeptide gene
through cAMP-mediated mechanisms both in a neuroblastoma cell line and
in hypothalamic neurons. More importantly, this "cross-talk" may
represent a more generalized mechanism by which steroid hormones act
through other signal transduction cascades to regulate the expression
of other genes in the brain.
Key words:
estrogen; neurotensin; cAMP; nonclassical; gene-transcription; mouse brain; signal transduction; SK-N-SH cells
Copyright © 1998 Society for Neuroscience 0270-6474/98/18176672-09$05.00/0
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