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The Journal of Neuroscience, October 15, 1998, 18(20):8444-8454
Amygdalar NMDA Receptors are Critical for New Fear Learning in
Previously Fear-Conditioned Rats
Hongjoo
Lee and
Jeansok J.
Kim
Department of Psychology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
06520-8205
NMDA receptors in the amygdala seem to be critical for fear
conditioning in naive rats. Recent spatial-learning studies suggest that previous learning protected animals from the amnesic effect of
NMDA antagonists on new learning (of a similar behavioral task). Therefore, the present study examined whether blocking of NMDA receptors in the basolateral nucleus of the amygdala (BLA) prevents new
fear learning in previously fear-conditioned rats, as measured by
freezing behavior. Intra-BLA infusions of the NMDA receptor antagonist
DL-2-amino-5-phosphonovaleric acid (APV) completely blocked
fear conditioning to a tone stimulus in animals that had previously
been fear-conditioned to a light stimulus. Similar results were
obtained with intra-BLA infusions of APV before contextual fear
conditioning in rats that had been fear-conditioned to a different
context. Additional experiments showed that intra-BLA APV infusions
substantially interfere with the expression and extinction of
conditioned fear to tone, light, and context stimuli. Together, these
results indicate that NMDA receptors in the BLA are crucial for the
encoding of new fear memories (i.e., the formation of specific
conditioned stimulus-unconditioned stimulus association), the
expression of conditioned fear responses, and the extinction of
acquired fear.
Key words:
memory; amygdala; classical conditioning; emotion; LTP; LTD; synaptic plasticity
Copyright © 1998 Society for Neuroscience 0270-6474/98/18208444-11$05.00/0
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