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The Journal of Neuroscience, December 1, 1998, 18(23):9962-9976
Evidence for a Role of the Chemorepellent Semaphorin III and Its
Receptor Neuropilin-1 in the Regeneration of Primary Olfactory
Axons
R. Jeroen
Pasterkamp,
Fred
De
Winter,
Anthony J. G. D.
Holtmaat, and
Joost
Verhaagen
Graduate School for Neurosciences Amsterdam, Netherlands
Institute for Brain Research, 1105 AZ Amsterdam-ZO, The
Netherlands
To explore a role for chemorepulsive axon guidance mechanisms in
the regeneration of primary olfactory axons, we examined the expression
of the chemorepellent semaphorin III (sema III), its receptor
neuropilin-1, and collapsin response mediator protein-2 (CRMP-2) during
regeneration of the olfactory system. In the intact olfactory system,
neuropilin-1 and CRMP-2 mRNA expression define a distinct population of
olfactory receptor neurons, corresponding to immature
(B-50/GAP-43-positive) and a subset of mature (olfactory marker
protein-positive) neurons located in the lower half of the
olfactory epithelium. Sema III mRNA is expressed in pial sheet cells
and in second-order olfactory neurons that are the target cells of
neuropilin-1-positive primary olfactory axons. These data suggest that
in the intact olfactory bulb sema III creates a molecular barrier,
which helps restrict ingrowing olfactory axons to the nerve and
glomerular layers of the bulb. Both axotomy of the primary olfactory
nerve and bulbectomy induce the formation of new olfactory receptor
neurons expressing neuropilin-1 and CRMP-2 mRNA. After axotomy, sema
III mRNA is transiently induced in cells at the site of the lesion.
These cells align regenerating bundles of olfactory axons. In contrast
to the transient appearance of sema III-positive cells at the
lesion site after axotomy, sema III-positive cells increase
progressively after bulbectomy, apparently preventing regenerating
neuropilin-1-positive nerve bundles from growing deeper into the
lesion area. The presence of sema III in scar tissue and the
concomitant expression of its receptor neuropilin-1 on regenerating
olfactory axons suggests that semaphorin-mediated chemorepulsive signal
transduction may contribute to the regenerative failure of these axons
after bulbectomy.
Key words:
CNS; CRMP; olfactory bulb; olfactory receptor neuron; neuropilin; plasticity; primary olfactory system; regeneration; semaphorin/collapsin
Copyright © 1998 Society for Neuroscience 0270-6474/98/18239962-15$05.00/0
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