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The Journal of Neuroscience, April 1, 1998, 18(7):2613-2625
Neuronal Signals in the Monkey Ventral Striatum Related to
Progress through a Predictable Series of Trials
Munetaka
Shidara1, 2,
Thomas G.
Aigner1, and
Barry J.
Richmond1
1 National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda,
Maryland 20892, and 2 Neuroscience Section,
Electrotechnical Laboratory, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki 305, Japan
Single neurons in the ventral striatum of primates carry signals
that are related to reward and motivation. When monkeys performed a
task requiring one to three bar release trials to be completed successfully before a reward was given, they seemed more motivated as
the rewarded trials approached; they responded more quickly and
accurately. When the monkeys were cued as to the progress of the
schedule, 89 out of 150 ventral striatal neurons responded in at least
one part of the task: (1) at the onset of the visual cue, (2) near the
time of bar release, and/or (3) near the time of reward delivery. When
the cue signaled progress through the schedule, the neuronal activity
was related to the progress through the schedule. For example, one
large group of these neurons responded in the first trial of every
schedule, another large group responded in trials other than the first
of a schedule, and a third large group responded in the first trial of
schedules longer than one. Thus, these neurons coded the state of the
cue, i.e., the neurons carried the information about how the monkey was
progressing through the task. The differential activity disappeared on
the first trial after randomizing the relation of the cue to the
schedule. Considering the anatomical loop structure that includes
ventral striatum and prefrontal cortex, we suggest that the ventral
striatum might be part of a circuit that supports keeping track of
progress through learned behavioral sequences that, when successfully
completed, lead to reward.
Key words:
ventral striatum; motivation; schedule length; reward; visual cue; information analysis; macaque monkey; neurophysiology
Copyright © 1998 Society for Neuroscience 0270-6474/98/1872613-13$05.00/0
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