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The Journal of Neuroscience, May 15, 1999, 19(10):3982-3991
Differential Regulation of the Expression of
Corticotropin-Releasing Factor Receptor Type 2 (CRF2) in
Hypothalamus and Amygdala of the Immature Rat by Sensory Input and Food
Intake
Mariam
Eghbal-Ahmadi1,
Sarit
Avishai-Eliner2,
Carolyn G.
Hatalski1, and
Tallie Z.
Baram1
1 Departments of Anatomy and Neurobiology and
Pediatrics, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, California
92697-4475, and 2 Hebrew University, Kaplan Hospital,
Rehovoth, Israel
The physiological consequences of activating
corticotropin-releasing factor receptor type 2 (CRF2) are not fully understood. The neuroanatomic
distribution of this CRF receptor family member is consistent with
roles in mediating the actions of CRF and similar ligands on food
intake control and integrative aspects of stress-related behaviors.
However, CRF2 expression in the adult rat is
not influenced by stress, corticosterone (CORT), or food intake. In
immature rat we have demonstrated striking
downregulation of CRF2mRNA in hypothalamic ventromedial
nucleus (VMH) after 24 hr of maternal deprivation, a paradigm
consisting of both physiological/psychological stress and food
deprivation. The current study aimed to distinguish which element or
elements of maternal deprivation govern CRF2mRNA expression
by isolating the effects of food intake and discrete maternal sensory
cues on CRF2mRNA levels in VMH and in reciprocally communicating amygdala nuclei. In maternally deprived pups,
CRF2mRNA levels in VMH and basomedial (BMA) and medial
(MEA) amygdala nuclei were 62, 72, and 102% of control levels,
respectively. Sensory inputs of grooming and handling as well as of the
pups' own suckling activity but not food intakefully restored
CRF2mRNA expression in VMH. In contrast, all manipulations
tended to increase CRF2mRNA levels in BMA of maternally
deprived rats, and surrogate grooming increased CRF2mRNA
expression significantly above that of nondeprived controls.
CRF2mRNA expression was not influenced significantly by plasma adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and CORT levels. Thus, in
the immature rat, (1) CRF2 expression is regulated
differentially in hypothalamic and amygdala regions, and (2)
CRF2mRNA levels in VMH are governed primarily by maternal
or suckling-derived sensory input rather than food intake or peripheral
stress hormones. These findings indicate a region-specific regulation
of CRF2mRNA, supporting the participation of the receptor
in neurochemically defined circuits integrating sensory cues to
influence specific behavioral and visceral functions.
Key words:
corticotropin-releasing factor; receptor; CRF2; ventromedial hypothalamus; food intake; stress; rat; neuroendocrine
Copyright © 1999 Society for Neuroscience 0270-6474/99/19103982-10$05.00/0
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