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The Journal of Neuroscience, August 1, 1999, 19(15):6309-6317

Two Actions of Calcium Regulate the Supply of Releasable Vesicles at the Ribbon Synapse of Retinal Bipolar Cells

Ana Gomis, Juan Burrone, and Leon Lagnado

Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge CB2 2QH, United Kingdom

Ribbon synapses of sensory neurons are able to sustain high rates of exocytosis in response to maintained depolarization, but it is not known how this is achieved. Using the capacitance technique, we have found that Ca²⁺ regulates the supply of releasable vesicles at the ribbon synapse of depolarizing bipolar cells from the retina of goldfish. Ca²⁺ had two actions that could be differentiated by introduction of the Ca²⁺ chelator EGTA; one action stimulated refilling of the rapidly releasable pool of vesicles from a reserve pool, and a second action stimulated recruitment of vesicles to the reserve pool. The capacity of the reserve pool was ~3500 vesicles, which is similar to the number that can attach to the ribbons. These results suggest that continuous exocytosis at ribbon synapses is maintained by the Ca²⁺-dependent translocation of vesicles from the cytoplasm, through the ribbon, to release sites on the plasma membrane.

Key words: synapse; vesicle; calcium; exocytosis; refilling; synaptic depression; retina; depolarizing bipolar cell; ribbon synapse; EGTA

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Copyright © 1999 Society for Neuroscience  0270-6474/99/19156309-09$05.00/0

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