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The Journal of Neuroscience, January 15, 1999, 19(2):813-827

Tenascin-R Inhibits the Growth of Optic Fibers In Vitro But Is Rapidly Eliminated during Nerve Regeneration in the Salamander Pleurodeles waltl

Catherina G. Becker^{1, 2}, Thomas Becker^{1, 2}, Ronald L. Meyer^{2, 3}, and Melitta Schachner^{1, 3}

¹ Zentrum für Molekulare Neurobiologie Hamburg, Universität Hamburg, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany, and ² Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California, Irvine, California 92697

Tenascin-R is a multidomain molecule of the extracellular matrix in the CNS with neurite outgrowth inhibitory functions. Despite the fact that in amphibians spontaneous axonal regeneration of the optic nerve occurs, we show here that the molecule appears concomitantly with myelination during metamorphosis and is present in the adult optic nerve of the salamander Pleurodeles waltl by immunoblots and immunohistochemistry. In vitro, adult retinal ganglion cell axons were not able to grow from retinal explants on a tenascin-R substrate or to cross a sharp substrate border of tenascin-R in the presence of laminin, indicating that tenascin-R inhibits regrowth of retinal ganglion cell axons. After an optic nerve crush, immunoreactivity for tenascin-R was reduced to undetectable levels within 8 d. Immunoreactivity for the myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG) was also diminished by that time. Myelin was removed by phagocytosing cells at 8-14 d after the lesion, as demonstrated by electron microscopy. Tenascin-R immunoreactivity was again detectable at 6 months after the lesion, correlated with remyelination as indicated by MAG immunohistochemistry. Regenerating axons began to repopulate the distal lesioned nerve at 9 d after a crush and grew in close contact with putative astrocytic processes in the periphery of the nerve, close to the pia, as demonstrated by anterograde tracing. Thus, the onset of axonal regrowth over the lesion site was correlated with the removal of inhibitory molecules in the optic nerve, which may be necessary for successful axonal regeneration in the CNS of amphibians.

Key words: CNS injury; optic nerve; retinotectal system; extracellular matrix; amphibians; urodeles

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Copyright © 1999 Society for Neuroscience  0270-6474/99/192813-15$05.00/0

This article has been cited by other articles:

				I. Apostolova, A. Irintchev, and M. Schachner Tenascin-R restricts posttraumatic remodeling of motoneuron innervation and functional recovery after spinal cord injury in adult mice. J. Neurosci., July 26, 2006; 26(30): 7849 - 7859. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C. G. Becker and T. Becker Repellent Guidance of Regenerating Optic Axons by Chondroitin Sulfate Glycosaminoglycans in Zebrafish J. Neurosci., February 1, 2002; 22(3): 842 - 853. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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