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The Journal of Neuroscience, October 15, 1999, 19(20):9054-9062
Muscimol Inactivation of the Dorsal Hippocampus Impairs Contextual Retrieval of Fear Memory
William Holt1 and Stephen Maren1, 2 1 Department of Psychology and 2 Neuroscience Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1109
Some models of hippocampal function have suggested a role of the hippocampus in contextual memory retrieval. We have examined this hypothesis by assessing the impact of reversible inactivation of the dorsal hippocampus (DH) on the context-specific expression of latent inhibition, a decrement in conditional responding produced by preexposure to a to-be-conditional stimulus. In Experiment 1, rats received tone preexposure either in the context that would later be used for extinction testing (context A) or in a different context (context C); a third group of rats did not receive tone preexposure. All rats then received fear conditioning, which consisted of tone-footshock pairings, in a third distinct context (context B). The following day conditional fear to the tone was assessed in one of the preexposure contexts (context A) by measuring freezing during a tone extinction test. Rats preexposed and tested in the same context exhibited less freezing to the tone than either rats preexposed and tested in different contexts or nonpreexposed rats. These results indicate that the expression of latent inhibition is context specific. In Experiment 2, DH inactivation eliminated the context-specific expression of latent inhibition. Compared with saline-infused rats, rats infused with muscimol into the DH exhibited low levels of tone freezing independent of whether they had received tone preexposure in the test context or in a different context. Experiment 3 revealed normal contextual discrimination in rats after DH inactivation. These results suggest the DH is required for contextual memory retrieval in a latent inhibition paradigm.
Key words: Pavlovian fear conditioning; latent inhibition; auditory conditioning; hippocampus; context; muscimol; freezing; rats
Copyright © 1999 Society for Neuroscience 0270-6474/99/19209054-09$05.00/0
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