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The Journal of Neuroscience, November 1, 1999, 19(21):9611-9617

Anterograde and Retrograde Amnesia After Lesions to Frontal Cortex in Rats

Gordon Winocur^{1, 2, 3, 4} and Morris Moscovitch^{1, 3}

¹ Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Centre for Geriatric Care, Toronto, Ontario M6A 2E1, Canada, ² Department of Psychology, Trent University, Peterborough, Ontario K9J 7B8, Canada, and Departments of ³ Psychology and ⁴ Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G3, Canada

A socially acquired food-preference test was used to assess effects of lesions to the frontal cortex on anterograde and retrograde memory in rats. In Experiment 1, there was no effect of lesion when rats were administered a two-choice test in which the target food was to be selected in the presence of a single distractor. In Experiment 2, a three-choice memory test was administered in which the target food was presented along with two equally palatable alternatives. In the latter test, lesioned groups displayed anterograde amnesia that increased with the length of the interval between postoperative acquisition and test, and a severe retrograde amnesia that extended equally over the entire range of intervals between preoperative acquisition and test. This outcome, which contrasted with the pattern of memory loss previously observed in rats with hippocampal lesions on this test, was interpreted as evidence for the strategic role of the frontal lobes in directing response selection and retrieval processes in memory.

Key words: anterograde amnesia; retrograde amnesia; food-preference test; lesions; frontal cortex; rats

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Copyright © 1999 Society for Neuroscience  0270-6474/99/19219611-07$05.00/0

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