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The Journal of Neuroscience, December 1, 1999, 19(23):10270-10279
Overexpression of Cysteine-String Proteins in
Drosophila Reveals Interactions with Syntaxin
Zhiping
Nie,
Ravi
Ranjan,
Julia J.
Wenniger,
Susie N.
Hong,
Peter
Bronk, and
Konrad
E.
Zinsmaier
Department of Neuroscience, University of Pennsylvania School of
Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6974
Cysteine-string proteins (CSPs) are associated with secretory
vesicles and critical for regulated neurotransmitter release and
peptide exocytosis. At nerve terminals, CSPs have been implicated in
the mediation of neurotransmitter exocytosis by modulating presynaptic calcium channels; however, studies of CSPs in peptidergic secretion suggest a direct role in exocytosis independent of calcium transmembrane fluxes. Here we show that the individual expression of
various CSP isoforms in Drosophila similarly rescues the
loss of evoked neurotransmitter release at csp null
mutant motor nerve terminals, suggesting widely overlapping functions
for each isoform. Thus, the structural difference of CSP variants may
not explain the opposing putative functions of CSP in neurotransmitter
and peptide exocytosis. Consistently, the individual overexpression of
each CSP isoform in wild-type Drosophila shows similar
effects such as impaired viability and interference with wing and eye development. The dominant effects caused by the overexpression of CSP
are suppressed by the simultaneous overexpression of syntaxin-1A but
not by the coexpression of SNAP-25. Although overexpression of CSP
itself has no apparent effect on the synaptic physiology of larval
motor nerve terminals, it fully suppresses the decrease of evoked
release induced by the overexpression of syntaxin-1A. A direct
protein-protein interaction of CSP with syntaxin is further supported
by coimmunoprecipitations of syntaxin with CSP and by protein binding
assays using recombinant fusion proteins. Together, the genetic and
biochemical interactions of CSP and syntaxin-1A suggest that CSP may
chaperone or modulate protein-protein interactions of syntaxin-1A
with either calcium channels or other components of the regulatory
machinery mediating depolarization-dependent neurotransmitter exocytosis.
Key words:
cysteine-string protein; syntaxin; synaptic vesicle; exocytosis; neurotransmitter release; synaptic transmission; secretion
Copyright © 1999 Society for Neuroscience 0270-6474/99/192310270-10$05.00/0
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