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The Journal of Neuroscience, December 1, 1999, 19(23):10372-10382
The Establishment of GABAergic and Glutamatergic Synapses on CA1
Pyramidal Neurons is Sequential and Correlates with the Development of
the Apical Dendrite
Roman
Tyzio,
Alfonso
Represa,
Isabel
Jorquera,
Yehezkel
Ben-Ari,
Henri
Gozlan, and
Laurent
Aniksztejn
Institut de Neurobiologie de la
Méditérranée, Institut National de la
Santé, et de la Recherche Médicale, 13273 Marseille Cedex
09, France
We have performed a morphofunctional analysis of CA1 pyramidal
neurons at birth to examine the sequence of formation of GABAergic and
glutamatergic postsynaptic currents (PSCs) and to determine their
relation to the dendritic arborization of pyramidal neurons. We report
that at birth pyramidal neurons are heterogeneous. Three stages of
development can be identified: (1) the majority of the neurons (80%)
have small somata, an anlage of apical dendrite, and neither
spontaneous nor evoked PSCs; (2) 10% of the neurons have a small
apical dendrite restricted to the stratum radiatum and PSCs mediated
only by GABAA receptors; and (3) 10% of the neurons have
an apical dendrite that reaches the stratum lacunosum moleculare and
PSCs mediated both by GABAA and glutamate receptors. These
three groups of pyramidal neurons can be differentiated by their
capacitance (Cm = 17.9 ± 0.8; 30.2 ± 1.6;
43.2 ± 3.0 pF, respectively). At birth, the synaptic markers
synapsin-1 and synaptophysin labeling are present in dendritic layers
but not in the stratum pyramidale, suggesting that GABAergic
peridendritic synapses are established before perisomatic ones. The
present observations demonstrate that GABAergic and glutamatergic
synapses are established sequentially with GABAergic synapses being
established first most likely on the apical dendrites of the principal
neurons. We propose that different sets of conditions are required for the establishment of functional GABA and glutamate synapses, the latter
necessitating more developed neurons that have apical dendrites that
reach the lacunosum moleculare region.
Key words:
CA1 pyramidal cells; development; GABAA
receptors; AMPA receptors; NMDA receptors; synaptic transmission
Copyright © 1999 Society for Neuroscience 0270-6474/99/192310372-11$05.00/0
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