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The Journal of Neuroscience, April 1, 1999, 19(7):2489-2499
A Critical Role of the Nitric Oxide/cGMP Pathway in
Corticostriatal Long-Term Depression
Paolo
Calabresi1,
Paolo
Gubellini2,
Diego
Centonze1,
Giuseppe
Sancesario1,
Maria
Morello1,
Mauro
Giorgi3,
Antonio
Pisani1, and
Giorgio
Bernardi1, 4
1 Clinica Neurologica, Dipartimento di Neuroscienze,
Universitá di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy,
2 Istituto di Medicina Sperimentale, Consiglio Nazionale
delle Ricerche, 00133 Rome, Italy, 3 Dipartimento di
Biologia di Base e Applicata, Università dell'Aquila, 67010 L'Aquila, Italy, and 4 IRCCS Ospedale S. Lucia, 00179 Rome, Italy
High-frequency stimulation (HFS) of corticostriatal glutamatergic
fibers induces long-term depression (LTD) of excitatory synaptic
potentials recorded from striatal spiny neurons. This form of LTD can
be mimicked by zaprinast, a selective inhibitor of cGMP
phosphodiesterases (PDEs). Biochemical analysis shows that most of the
striatal cGMP PDE activity is calmodulin-dependent and inhibited by
zaprinast. The zaprinast-induced LTD occludes further depression by
tetanic stimulation and vice versa. Both forms of synaptic plasticity
are blocked by intracellular
1H-[1,2,4]oxadiazolo[4,3-a]quinoxalin-1-one (ODQ), a selective
inhibitor of soluble guanylyl cyclase, indicating that an increased
cGMP production in the spiny neuron is a key step. Accordingly,
intracellular cGMP, activating protein kinase G (PKG), also induces
LTD. Nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitors N(G)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester
hydrochloride (L-NAME) and 7-nitroindazole monosodium salt (7-NINA)
block LTD induced by either HFS or zaprinast, but not that induced by
cGMP. LTD is also induced by the NO donors
S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine (SNAP)
and hydroxylamine. SNAP-induced LTD occludes further depression by HFS
or zaprinast, and it is blocked by intracellular ODQ but not by L-NAME.
Intracellular application of PKG inhibitors blocks LTD induced by HFS,
zaprinast, and SNAP. Electron microscopy immunocytochemistry shows the
presence of NOS-positive terminals of striatal interneurons forming
synaptic contacts with dendrites of spiny neurons. These findings
represent the first demonstration that the NO/cGMP pathway exerts a
feed-forward control on the corticostriatal synaptic plasticity.
Key words:
intracellular recordings; electron microscopy; nitric
oxide synthase; calmodulin-dependent phosphodiesterases; striatum; zaprinast
Copyright © 1999 Society for Neuroscience 0270-6474/99/1972489-11$05.00/0
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