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Previous Article | Next Article
The Journal of Neuroscience, May 15, 2000, 20(10):3676-3686
Recycling of the Cell Adhesion Molecule L1 in Axonal Growth Cones
Hiroyuki Kamiguchi1, 2 and Vance Lemmon2 1 Developmental Brain Science Group, Brain Science Institute, RIKEN (Institute of Physical and Chemical Research), Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan, and 2 Department of Neurosciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106-4975
The cell adhesion molecule (CAM) L1 plays crucial roles in axon growth in vitro and in the formation of major axonal tracts in vivo. It is generally thought that CAMs link extracellular immobile ligands with retrogradely moving actin filaments to transmit force that pulls the growth cone forward. However, relatively little is known about the fate of CAMs that have been translocated into the central (C)-domain of the growth cone. We have shown previously that L1 is preferentially endocytosed at the C-domain. In the present study, we further analyze the subcellular distribution of endocytic organelles containing L1 at different time points and demonstrate that internalized L1 is transported into the peripheral (P)-domain of growth cones advancing via an L1-dependent mechanism. Internalized L1 is found in vesicles positioned along microtubules, and the centrifugal transport of these L1-containing vesicles is dependent on dynamic microtubules in the P-domain. Furthermore, we show that endocytosed L1 is reinserted into the plasma membrane at the leading edge of the P-domain. Monitoring recycled L1 reveals that it moves retrogradely on the cell surface into the C-domain. In contrast, the growth cone advancing independently of L1 internalizes and recycles L1 within the C-domain. For the growth cone to advance, the leading edge needs to establish strong adhesive interactions with the substrate while attachments at the rear are released. Recycling L1 from the C-domain to the leading edge provides an effective way to create asymmetric L1-mediated adhesion and therefore would be critical for L1-based growth cone motility.
Key words: neural cell adhesion molecule; L1; axonal growth cone; endocytosis; recycling; microtubule
Copyright © 2000 Society for Neuroscience 0270-6474/00/20103676-11$05.00/0
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