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Previous Article | Next Article
Role and Origin of the GABAergic Innervation of Dorsal Raphe Serotonergic Neurons
Damien Gervasoni1, Christelle Peyron1, Claire Rampon1, Bruno Barbagli1, Guy Chouvet2, Nadia Urbain2, Patrice Fort1, and Pierre-Hervé Luppi1 1 Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U480, 2 INSERM U512, Université Claude Bernard Lyon I, 69373 Lyon cedex 08, France
Extracellular electrophysiological recordings in freely moving cats have shown that serotonergic neurons from the dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) fire tonically during wakefulness, decrease their activity during slow wave sleep (SWS), and are nearly quiescent during paradoxical sleep (PS). The mechanisms at the origin of the modulation of activity of these neurons are still unknown. Here, we show in the unanesthetized rat that the iontophoretic application of the GABAA antagonist bicuculline on dorsal raphe serotonergic neurons induces a tonic discharge during SWS and PS and an increase of discharge rate during quiet waking. These data strongly suggest that an increase of a GABAergic inhibitory tone present during wakefulness is responsible for the decrease of activity of the dorsal raphe serotonergic cells during slow wave and paradoxical sleep. In addition, by combining retrograde tracing with cholera toxin B subunit and glutamic acid decarboxylase immunohistochemistry, we demonstrate that the GABAergic innervation of the dorsal raphe nucleus arises from multiple distant sources and not only from interneurons as classically accepted. Among these afferents, GABAergic neurons located in the lateral preoptic area and the pontine ventral periaqueductal gray including the DRN itself could be responsible for the reduction of activity of the serotonergic neurons of the dorsal raphe nucleus during slow wave and paradoxical sleep, respectively.
Key words: dorsal raphe; GABA; serotonin; single-unit recordings; retrograde tracing; sleep-waking
Copyright © 2000 Society for Neuroscience 0270-6474/00/20114217-09$05.00/0
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