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The Journal of Neuroscience, August 1, 2000, 20(15):5775-5781
BDNF Protects the Neonatal Brain from Hypoxic-Ischemic Injury
In Vivo via the ERK Pathway
Byung Hee
Han1 and
David M.
Holtzman1, 2, 3
Departments of 1 Neurology and 2 Molecular
Biology and Pharmacology and the 3 Center for the Study of
Nervous System Injury, Washington University School of Medicine, St.
Louis, Missouri 63110
Neurotrophins activate several different intracellular signaling
pathways that in some way exert neuroprotective effects. In
vitro studies of sympathetic and cerebellar granule neurons have demonstrated that the survival effects of neurotrophins can be
mediated via activation of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3-kinase) pathway. Neurotrophin-mediated protection of other neuronal types in vitro can be mediated via the
extracellular signal-related protein kinase (ERK) pathway. Whether
either of these pathways contributes to the neuroprotective effects of
neurotrophins in the brain in vivo has not been
determined. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is markedly
neuroprotective against neonatal hypoxic-ischemic (H-I) brain injury
in vivo. We assessed the role of the ERK and PI3-kinase
pathways in neonatal H-I brain injury in the presence and absence of
BDNF. Intracerebroventricular administration of BDNF to
postnatal day 7 rats resulted in phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and the
PI3-kinase substrate AKT within minutes. Effects were greater on
ERK activation and occurred in neurons. Pharmacological inhibition of
ERK, but not the PI3-kinase pathway, inhibited the ability of BDNF to
block H-I-induced caspase-3 activation and tissue loss. These findings
suggest that neuronal ERK activation in the neonatal brain mediates
neuroprotection against H-I brain injury, a model of cerebral palsy.
Key words:
cerebral palsy; neurotrophin; MAP kinase; PI3-kinase; ischemia; apoptosis
Copyright © 2000 Society for Neuroscience 0270-6474/00/20155775-07$05.00/0
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