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The Journal of Neuroscience, January 15, 2000, 20(2):798-805
Fos Protein Expression and Cocaine-Seeking Behavior in Rats after
Exposure to a Cocaine Self-Administration Environment
Janet L.
Neisewander1,
David A.
Baker1,
Rita A.
Fuchs1,
Ly T. L.
Tran-Nguyen1,
Art
Palmer1, and
John F.
Marshall2
1 Department of Psychology, Arizona State University,
Tempe, Arizona 85287-1104, and 2 Department of
Psychobiology, University of California, Irvine, California
92697-4550
To examine neuronal activation associated with incentive motivation
for cocaine, cocaine-seeking behavior (operant responding without
cocaine reinforcement) and Fos expression were examined in rats exposed
to saline and cocaine priming injections and/or a self-administration
environment. Rats were first trained to self-administer cocaine or
received yoked saline administration ("control"). They then
received 21 daily exposures to either the self-administration
environment ("extinction") or a different environment ("no
extinction") without cocaine available. Extinction training, used to
decrease incentive motivation for cocaine elicited by the
self-administration environment, decreased cocaine-seeking behavior
elicited by both the environment and the cocaine priming injection.
Exposure to the self-administration environment enhanced Fos expression
in the no extinction group relative to control and extinction groups in
the anterior cingulate, basolateral amygdala, hippocampal CA1 region,
dentate gyrus, nucleus accumbens shell and core, and central gray area,
regardless of whether or not priming injections were given. The priming
injections enhanced Fos expression in the ventral tegmental area,
caudate putamen, substantia nigra pars reticulata, entorhinal cortex,
central amygdala, lateral amygdala, arcuate nucleus, and central gray
area, regardless of group. Thus, these changes likely reflect an
unconditioned effect from either cocaine or injection stress. The
priming injections also enhanced Fos expression in the anterior
cingulate, but only in cocaine-experienced groups, suggesting that this
enhancement reflects an experience-dependent motivational effect of the
priming injections. The results suggest that different neural circuits may be involved in the incentive motivational effects of cocaine-paired environmental stimuli versus priming injections and that the anterior cingulate may be part of a common pathway for both.
Key words:
cocaine; cocaine-seeking behavior; incentive motivation; self-administration; reinstatement; priming injections; cocaine
conditioning; cocaine-paired stimuli; limbic system; basal ganglia; amygdala; anterior cingulate; Fos protein expression; neuronal
activation; immediate early genes
Copyright © 2000 Society for Neuroscience 0270-6474/00/202798-08$05.00/0
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