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The Journal of Neuroscience, November 15, 2000, 20(22):8323-8330

R-Type Ca²⁺ Channels Are Coupled to the Rapid Component of Secretion in Mouse Adrenal Slice Chromaffin Cells

Almudena Albillos^{1, 2}, Erwin Neher¹, and Tobias Moser^{1, 3}

¹ Department of Membrane Biophysics, Max-Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, 37077 Goettingen, Germany, ² Instituto de Farmacología Teófilo Hernando, Departamento de Farmacología y Terapeútica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28029 Madrid, Spain, and ³ Department of Otolaryngology, Goettingen University Medical School, 37073 Goettingen, Germany

Patch-clamp measurements of Ca²⁺ currents and membrane capacitance were performed on slices of mouse adrenal glands, using the perforated-patch configuration of the patch-clamp technique. These recording conditions are much closer to the in vivo situation than those used so far in most electrophysiological studies in adrenal chromaffin cells (isolated cells maintained in culture and whole-cell configuration). We observed profound discrepancies in the quantities of Ca²⁺ channel subtypes (P-, Q-, N-, and L-type Ca²⁺ channels) described for isolated mouse chromaffin cells maintained in culture. Differences with respect to previous studies may be attributable not only to culture conditions, but also to the patch-clamp configuration used. Our experiments revealed the presence of a Ca²⁺ channel subtype never before described in chromaffin cells, a toxin and dihydropyridine-resistant Ca²⁺ channel with fast inactivation kinetics, similar to the R-type Ca²⁺ channel described in neurons. This channel contributes 22% to the total Ca²⁺ current and controls 55% of the rapid secretory response evoked by short depolarizing pulses. Our results indicate that R-type Ca²⁺ channels are in close proximity with the exocytotic machinery to rapidly regulate the secretory process.

Key words: calcium channels; exocytosis; membrane capacitance measurements; adrenal slice; chromaffin cell; calcium-secretion coupling

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Copyright © 2000 Society for Neuroscience  0270-6474/00/20228323-08$05.00/0

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