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The Journal of Neuroscience, December 15, 2000, 20(24):9187-9194
Differential Expression of Plasticity-Related Genes in Waking and
Sleep and Their Regulation by the Noradrenergic System
Chiara
Cirelli and
Giulio
Tononi
The Neurosciences Institute, San Diego, California 92121
Behavioral studies indicate that the ability to acquire long-term
memories is severely impaired during sleep. It is unclear, however, why
the highly synchronous discharge of neurons during sleep should not be
followed by the induction of enduring plastic changes. Here we show
that the expression of phosphorylated CRE-binding protein, Arc, and
BDNF, three genes whose induction is often
associated with synaptic plasticity, is high during waking and low
during sleep. We also show that the induction of these genes during
waking depends on the activity of the noradrenergic system, which is high in waking and low in sleep. These molecular results complement behavioral evidence and provide a mechanism for the impairment of
long-term memory acquisition during sleep.
Key words:
Arc; BDNF; neural plasticity; memory; norepinephrine; P-CREB; sleep; sleep deprivation; waking
Copyright © 2000 Society for Neuroscience 0270-6474/00/20249187-08$05.00/0
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