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The Journal of Neuroscience, May 1, 2000, 20(9):3214-3220

Synucleins Are Developmentally Expressed, and alpha -Synuclein Regulates the Size of the Presynaptic Vesicular Pool in Primary Hippocampal Neurons

Diane D. Murphy, Susan M. Rueter, John Q. Trojanowski, and Virginia M.-Y. Lee

Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Medical School, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104

alpha -, beta -, and gamma -Synuclein, a novel family of neuronal proteins, has become the focus of research interest because alpha -synuclein has been increasingly implicated in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's and Alzheimer's disease. However, the normal functions of the synucleins are still unknown. For this reason, we characterized alpha -, beta -, and gamma -synuclein expression in primary hippocampal neuronal cultures and showed that the onset of alpha - and beta -synuclein expression was delayed after synaptic development, suggesting that these synucleins may not be essential for synapse formation. In mature cultured primary neurons, alpha - and beta -synuclein colocalized almost exclusively with synaptophysin in the presynaptic terminal, whereas little gamma -synuclein was expressed at all. To assess the function of alpha -synuclein, we suppressed expression of this protein with antisense oligonucleotide technology. Morphometric ultrastructural analysis of the alpha -synuclein antisense oligonucleotide-treated cultures revealed a significant reduction in the distal pool of synaptic vesicles. These data suggest that one function of alpha -synuclein may be to regulate the size of distinct pools of synaptic vesicles in mature neurons.

Key words: Lewy bodies; Parkinson's disease; primary neurons; synapse; synuclein; vesicle


Copyright © 2000 Society for Neuroscience  0270-6474/00/2093214-07$05.00/0


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