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The Journal of Neuroscience, May 1, 2000, 20(9):3401-3407
Reversal of Dopamine D2 Receptor Responses by an
Anandamide Transport Inhibitor
Massimiliano
Beltramo1,
Fernando Rodríguez
de
Fonseca2,
Miguel
Navarro2,
Antonio
Calignano4,
Miguel Angel
Gorriti2,
Gerasimos
Grammatikopoulos5,
Adolfo G.
Sadile5,
Andrea
Giuffrida3, and
Daniele
Piomelli1
1 The Neurosciences Institute, San Diego, CA 92121, 2 Department of Psychobiology, Complutense University,
Madrid, Spain 28233, 3 Department of Pharmacology,
University of Naples, Italy, 80131, 4 Laboratory of
Neurophysiology, Behavior and Neural Networks, II University of Naples,
Italy, 80138, and 5 Department of Pharmacology, University
of California, Irvine, California 92697-4625
We characterized the pharmacological properties of the
anandamide transport inhibitor
N-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-arachidonamide (AM404) in rats and investigated the effects of this drug on behavioral responses associated with activation of dopamine D2 family
receptors. Rat brain slices accumulated
[3H]anandamide via a high-affinity transport
mechanism that was blocked by AM404. When administered alone in
vivo, AM404 caused a mild and slow-developing hypokinesia that
was significant 60 min after intracerebroventricular injection of
the drug and was reversed by the CB1 cannabinoid receptor antagonist
SR141716A. AM404 produced no significant catalepsy or analgesia, two
typical effects of direct-acting cannabinoid agonists. However, AM404 prevented the stereotypic yawning produced by systemic
administration of a low dose of apomorphine, an effect that was
dose-dependent and blocked by SR141716A. Furthermore, AM404 reduced the
stimulation of motor behaviors elicited by the selective D2
family receptor agonist quinpirole. Finally, AM404 reduced
hyperactivity in juvenile spontaneously hypertensive rats, a putative
model of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. The results support
a primary role of the endocannabinoid system in the regulation of
psychomotor activity and point to anandamide transport as a potential
target for neuropsychiatric medicines.
Key words:
AM404; anandamide transport; cannabinoid receptors; dopamine receptors; spontaneously hypertensive rats; Wistar-Kyoto
rats
Copyright © 2000 Society for Neuroscience 0270-6474/00/2093401-07$05.00/0
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