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The Journal of Neuroscience, July 15, 2001, 21(14):5110-5120

Inhibition of Mitochondrial Complex II Induces a Long-Term Potentiation of NMDA-Mediated Synaptic Excitation in the Striatum Requiring Endogenous Dopamine

Paolo Calabresi1, 2, Paolo Gubellini1, 3, Barbara Picconi1, 2, Diego Centonze1, 2, Antonio Pisani1, 2, Paola Bonsi1, 2, Paul Greengard4, Robert A. Hipskind5, Emiliana Borrelli6, and Giorgio Bernardi1, 2

1 Clinica Neurologica, Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Università di "Tor Vergata," Rome 00133, Italy, 2 Fondazione Santa Lucia IRCCS, Rome 00179, Italy, 3 Istituto di Neuroscienze e Medicina Molecolare, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Rome 00133, Italy, 4 Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience, Rockefeller University, New York 10021, New York, 5 Institut de Génétique Moléculaire, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Unité Mixte de Recherche 5535, Montpellier 34293, France, and 6 Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale-ULP, CU de Strasbourg 67404, France

Abnormal involuntary movements and cognitive impairment represent the classical clinical symptoms of Huntington's disease (HD). This genetic disorder involves degeneration of striatal spiny neurons, but not striatal large cholinergic interneurons, and corresponds to a marked decrease in the activity of mitochondrial complex II [succinate dehydrogenase (SD)] in the brains of HD patients. Here we have examined the possibility that SD inhibitors exert their toxic action by increasing glutamatergic transmission. We report that SD inhibitors such as 3-nitroproprionic acid (3-NP), but not an inhibitor of mitochondrial complex I, produce a long-term potentiation of the NMDA-mediated synaptic excitation (3-NP-LTP) in striatal spiny neurons. In contrast, these inhibitors had no effect on excitatory synaptic transmission in striatal cholinergic interneurons and pyramidal cortical neurons. 3-NP-LTP involves increased intracellular calcium and activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase extracellular signal-regulated kinase and is critically dependent on endogenous dopamine acting via D2 receptors, whereas it is negatively regulated by D1 receptors. Thus 3-NP-LTP might play a key role in the regional and cell type-specific neuronal death observed in HD.

Key words: D2 dopamine receptors; Huntington's disease; striatum; succinate dehydrogenase; synaptic plasticity; excitotoxicity


Copyright © 2001 Society for Neuroscience  0270-6474/01/21145110-11$05.00/0


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