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The Journal of Neuroscience, September 15, 2001, 21(18):7046-7052
Interleukin-1 Promotes Repair of the CNS
Jeffrey L.
Mason1,
Kinuko
Suzuki2,
David D.
Chaplin4, and
Glenn K.
Matsushima1, 3
1 Curriculum in Neurobiology and the University of
North Carolina Neuroscience Center, 2 Department of
Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, and 3 Department of
Microbiology and Immunology, and the Program of Molecular Biology and
Biotechnology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North
Carolina 27599, and 4 Department of Internal Medicine and
Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Washington University School of
Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110
Interleukin-1 (IL-1) is a proinflammatory cytokine associated
with the pathophysiology of demyelinating disorders such as multiple
sclerosis and viral infections of the CNS. However, we demonstrate here
that IL-1 appears to promote remyelination in the adult CNS. In
IL-1 / mice, acute demyelination
progressed similarly to wild-type mice and showed parallel mature
oligodendrocyte depletion, microglia-macrophage accumulation,
and the appearance of oligodendrocyte precursors. In contrast,
IL-1/ mice failed to remyelinate
properly, and this appeared to correlate with a lack of insulin-like
growth factor-1 (IGF-1) production by microglia-macrophages and
astrocytes and to a profound delay of precursors to differentiate into
mature oligodendrocytes. Thus, IL-1 may be crucial to the repair of
the CNS, presumably through the induction of astrocyte and
microglia-macrophage-derived IGF-1.
Key words:
oligodendrocytes; astrocytes; microglia; remyelination; cytokines; growth factors
Copyright © 2001 Society for Neuroscience 0270-6474/01/21187046-07$05.00/0
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