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The Journal of Neuroscience, October 1, 2001, 21(19):7481-7490
Functional Effects of Two Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel Mutations
That Cause Generalized Epilepsy with Febrile Seizures Plus Type 2
Jay
Spampanato1,
Andrew
Escayg2,
Miriam H.
Meisler2, and
Alan L.
Goldin1
1 Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics,
University of California, Irvine, California 92697-4025, and
2 Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann
Arbor, Michigan 48109-0618
Two mutations that cause generalized epilepsy with febrile seizures
plus (GEFS+) have been identified previously in the
SCN1A gene encoding the subunit of the
Nav1.1 voltage-gated sodium channel (Escayg et al., 2000).
Both mutations change conserved residues in putative voltage-sensing S4
segments, T875M in domain II and R1648H in domain IV. Each mutation was
cloned into the orthologous rat channel rNav1.1, and the
properties of the mutant channels were determined in the absence and
presence of the 1 subunit in Xenopus oocytes. Neither
mutation significantly altered the voltage dependence of either
activation or inactivation in the presence of the 1 subunit. The
most prominent effect of the T875M mutation was to enhance slow
inactivation in the presence of 1, with small effects on the
kinetics of recovery from inactivation and use-dependent activity of
the channel in both the presence and absence of the 1 subunit. The
most prominent effects of the R1648H mutation were to accelerate
recovery from inactivation and decrease the use dependence of channel
activity with and without the 1 subunit. The DIV mutation would
cause a phenotype of sodium channel hyperexcitability, whereas the DII
mutation would cause a phenotype of sodium channel hypoexcitability,
suggesting that either an increase or decrease in sodium channel
activity can result in seizures.
Key words:
epilepsy; sodium channels; electrophysiology; mutations; GEFS+; SCN1A
Copyright © 2001 Society for Neuroscience 0270-6474/01/21197481-10$05.00/0
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