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The Journal of Neuroscience, January 15, 2001, 21(2):513-526
Abnormalities of Male-Specific FRU Protein and Serotonin
Expression in the CNS of fruitless Mutants in
Drosophila
Gyunghee
Lee and
Jeffrey C.
Hall
Department of Biology, Brandeis University, Waltham, Massachusetts
02454
The fruitless gene in Drosophila
produces male-specific protein (FRUM) involved in
the control of courtship. FRUM spatial and temporal
patterns were examined in fru mutants that exhibit
aberrant male courtship. Chromosome breakpoints at the locus eliminated
FRUM. Homozygous viable mutants exhibited an
intriguing array of defects. In fru1
males, there were absences of FRUM-expressing
neuronal clusters or stained cells within certain clusters, reductions
of signal intensities in others, and ectopic FRUM
expression in novel cells. fru2 males
exhibited an overall decrement of FRUM expression in
all neurons normally expressing the gene.
fru4 and
frusat mutants only produced
FRUM in small numbers of neurons at extremely low
levels, and no FRUM signals were detected in
fru3 males. This array of
abnormalities was inferred to correlate with the varying behavioral
defects exhibited by these mutants. Such abnormalities include
courtship among males, which has been hypothesized to involve anomalies
of serotonin (5-HT) function in the brain. However,
double-labeling uncovered no coexpression of FRUM
and 5-HT in brain neurons. Yet, a newly identified set of sexually dimorphic FRUM/5-HT-positive neurons was identified
in the abdominal ganglion of adult males. These sexually
dimorphic neurons (s-Abg) project toward regions of the abdomen
involved in male reproduction. The s-Abg neurons and the proximal
extents of their axons were unstained or absent in wild-type females
and exhibited subnormal or no 5-HT immunoreactivity in certain
fru-mutant males, indicating that fruitless controls the formation of these cells or 5-HT
production in them.
Key words:
fruitless transposons; chromosome aberrations; brain neurons; ventral nerve cord; sexual dimorphism; serotonergic
neurons
Copyright © 2001 Society for Neuroscience 0270-6474/01/212513-14$05.00/0
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