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The Journal of Neuroscience, November 15, 2001, 21(22):8966-8978
The Role of Activity-Dependent Network Depression in the Expression and Self-Regulation of Spontaneous Activity in the Developing Spinal Cord
Joël Tabak1, John Rinzel2, and Michael J. O'Donovan1 1 Laboratory of Neural Control, Section on Developmental Neurobiology, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, and 2 Center for Neural Science and Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences, New York University, New York, New York, 10003
Spontaneous episodic activity occurs throughout the developing nervous system because immature circuits are hyperexcitable. It is not fully understood how the temporal pattern of this activity is regulated. Here, we study the role of activity-dependent depression of network excitability in the generation and regulation of spontaneous activity in the embryonic chick spinal cord. We demonstrate that the duration of an episode of activity depends on the network excitability at the beginning of the episode. We found a positive correlation between episode duration and the preceding inter-episode interval, but not with the following interval, suggesting that episode onset is stochastic whereas episode termination occurs deterministically, when network excitability falls to a fixed level. This is true over a wide range of developmental stages and under blockade of glutamatergic or GABAergic/glycinergic synapses.
We also demonstrate that during glutamatergic blockade the remaining part of the network becomes more excitable, compensating for the loss of glutamatergic synapses and allowing spontaneous activity to recover. This compensatory increase in the excitability of the remaining network reflects the progressive increase in synaptic efficacy that occurs in the absence of activity. Therefore, the mechanism responsible for the episodic nature of the activity automatically renders this activity robust to network disruptions. The results are presented using the framework of our computational model of spontaneous activity in the developing cord. Specifically, we show how they follow logically from a bistable network with a slow activity-dependent depression switching periodically between the active and inactive states.
Key words: spontaneous activity; activity-dependent depression; network plasticity; homeostasis; spinal cord; chick embryo
Copyright © 2001 Society for Neuroscience 0270-6474/01/21228966-13$05.00/0
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