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The Journal of Neuroscience, November 15, 2001, 21(22):9053-9067

Self-Organized Synaptic Plasticity Contributes to the Shaping of  and  Oscillations In Vitro

Andrea Bibbig^{1, 4}, Howard J. Faulkner², Miles A. Whittington³, and Roger D. Traub^{1, 4}

¹ Department of Pharmacology, University of Birmingham School of Medicine, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom, ² Imperial College School of Medicine, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom, ³ School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9NQ, United Kingdom, and ⁴ Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, State University of New York Health Science Center, Brooklyn, New York 11203

(30-70 Hz) followed by  (10-30 Hz) oscillations are evoked in humans by sensory stimuli and may be involved in working memory. Phenomenologically similar oscillations can be evoked in hippocampal slices by strong two-site tetanic stimulation. Weaker stimulation leads only to two-site synchronized . In vitro oscillations have memory-like features: (1) EPSPs increase during ; (2) after a strong one-site stimulus, two-site stimulation produces desynchronized ; and (3) a single synchronized epoch allows a subsequent weak stimulus to induce synchronized . Features 2 and 3 last >50 min and so are unlikely to be caused by presynaptic effects. A previous model replicated the transition when it was assumed that K⁺ conductance(s) increases and there is an ad hoc increase in pyramidal EPSCs. Here, we have refined the model, so that both pyramidalpyramidal and pyramidalinterneuron synapses are modifiable. This model, in a self-organized way, replicates the transition, along with features 1 and 2 above. Feature 3 is replicated if learning rates, or the time course of K⁺ current block, are graded with stimulus intensity. Synaptic plasticity allows simulated oscillations to synchronize between sites separated by axon conduction delays over 10 msec. Our data suggest that one function of  oscillations is to permit synaptic plasticity, which is then expressed in the form of  oscillations. We propose that the period of  oscillations, ~25 msec, is "designed" to match the time course of [Ca²⁺]_i fluctuations in dendrites, thus facilitating learning.

Key words: Hebbian synapses; 40 Hz; synchronization; EEG; learning; memory

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Copyright © 2001 Society for Neuroscience  0270-6474/01/21229053-15$05.00/0

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