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The Journal of Neuroscience, February 1, 2001, 21(3):920-933

The AN2 Protein Is a Novel Marker for the Schwann Cell Lineage Expressed by Immature and Nonmyelinating Schwann Cells

Stephanie Schneider¹, Frank Bosse², Donatella D'Urso², Hans-Werner Müller², Michael W. Sereda³, Klaus-Armin Nave³, Antje Niehaus¹, Tore Kempf⁴, Martina Schnölzer⁴, and Jacqueline Trotter¹

¹ Department of Neurobiology, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany, ² Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Neurology, Heinrich-Heine University of Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany, ³ Max-Planck-Institute of Experimental Medicine, Department of Neurogenetics, 37037 Göttingen, Germany, and ⁴ Protein Analysis Facility, German Cancer Research Center, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany

The expression of the 330 kDa AN2 glycoprotein was studied in the rodent peripheral nervous system. AN2 is expressed by immature Schwann cells in vitro and in vivo and downregulated as the cells upregulate myelin genes. A subpopulation of nonmyelinating Schwann cells in the adult sciatic nerve retains expression of AN2. In rat sciatic nerve crushes, where Schwann cell numbers increase after initial axonal loss and markers of immature Schwann cells show an upregulation, no increased expression of AN2 was observed. In contrast, AN2 expression was upregulated in nerves from peripheral myelin protein-22-transgenic rats, where immature Schwann cells expand without axonal loss. Furthermore, coculture with neurons upregulated AN2 expression on Schwann cells in vitro. Polyclonal antibodies against AN2 inhibited the migration of an immortalized Schwann cell clone in an in vitro migration assay, and the purified AN2 protein was shown to be neither inhibitory nor permissive for outgrowing dorsal root ganglion neurites. AN2 is thus a novel marker for the Schwann cell lineage. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry analysis of purified AN2 from early postnatal mouse brain demonstrated that AN2 is the murine homolog of the rat NG2 proteoglycan.

Key words: Schwann cells; myelination; glycoprotein; NG2 proteoglycan; regeneration; Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 1A

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Copyright © 2001 Society for Neuroscience  0270-6474/01/213920-14$05.00/0

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