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The Journal of Neuroscience, May 15, 2002, 22(10):3939-3952
FM1-43 Reveals Membrane Recycling in Adult Inner Hair Cells of
the Mammalian Cochlea
Claudius B.
Griesinger,
Chistopher
D.
Richards, and
Jonathan F.
Ashmore
Department of Physiology, University College London, London
WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
Neural transmission of complex sounds demands fast and sustained
rates of synaptic release from the primary cochlear receptors, the
inner hair cells (IHCs). The cells therefore require efficient membrane
recycling. Using two-photon imaging of the membrane marker FM1-43 in
the intact sensory epithelium within the cochlear bone of the adult
guinea pig, we show that IHCs possess fast calcium-dependent membrane
uptake at their apical pole. FM1-43 did not permeate through the
stereocilial mechanotransducer channel because uptake kinetics were
neither changed by the blockers dihydrostreptomycin and
D-tubocurarine nor by treatment of the apical membrane with BAPTA, known to disrupt mechanotransduction. Moreover, the fluid phase
marker Lucifer Yellow produced a similar labeling pattern to FM1-43,
consistent with FM1-43 uptake via endocytosis. We estimate the membrane
retrieval rate at ~0.5% of the surface area of the cell per second.
Labeled membrane was rapidly transported to the base of IHCs by
kinesin-dependent trafficking and accumulated in structures that
resembled synaptic release sites. Using confocal imaging of FM1-43 in
excised strips of the organ of Corti, we show that the time constants
of fluorescence decay at the basolateral pole of IHCs and apical
endocytosis were increased after depolarization of IHCs with 40 mM potassium, a stimulus that triggers calcium influx and
increases synaptic release. Blocking calcium channels with either
cadmium or nimodipine during depolarization abolished the rate increase
of apical endocytosis. We suggest that IHCs use fast calcium-dependent
apical endocytosis for activity-associated replenishment of synaptic membrane.
Key words:
hair cells; cochlea; membrane recycling; endocytosis; FM1-43; two-photon imaging
Copyright © 2002 Society for Neuroscience 0270-6474/02/22103939-14$05.00/0
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