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The Journal of Neuroscience, June 15, 2002, 22(12):5042-5054
D1 Dopamine Receptor Supersensitivity in the
Dopamine-Depleted Striatum Results from a Switch in the
Regulation of ERK1/2/MAP Kinase
Charles R.
Gerfen,
Shigehiro
Miyachi,
Ronald
Paletzki, and
Pierre
Brown
Laboratory of Systems Neuroscience, National Institute of Mental
Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-4075
Dopamine effects in the striatum are mediated principally through
the D1 and D2 dopamine receptor subtypes, which are segregated to the
direct and indirect striatal projection neurons. After degeneration of
the nigrostriatal dopamine system, direct pathway neurons display a
supersensitive response to D1 dopamine receptor agonists, which is
demonstrated by the induction of immediate early genes (IEGs), such as
c-fos. Here we show, using analysis of
receptor-mediated signal transduction, including protein
phosphorylation and induction of IEGs, that D1 dopamine receptor
supersensitivity is attributable to a switch to
ERK1/2/MAP kinase (extracellular signal-regulated
kinase/mitogen-activated protein kinase) in direct pathway neurons.
Normally, in the dopamine-intact striatum, activation of ERK1/2/MAP
kinase is shown to be restricted to indirect and not direct pathway
neurons in response to stimulation of corticostriatal afferents.
Moreover, in the dopamine-intact striatum, treatment with full D1
dopamine receptor agonists or stimulation of nigrostriatal dopaminergic
afferents, both of which result in the induction of IEGs in direct
striatal projection neurons, does not activate ERK1/2/MAP kinase.
However, after degeneration of the nigrostriatal dopaminergic pathway,
ERK1/2/MAP kinase is activated in direct pathway neurons in response to
D1 dopamine receptor agonists either alone or when combined with
stimulation of corticostriatal afferents. Inhibitors of MEK (MAP kinase
kinase), which is responsible for phosphorylation of ERK1/2/MAP kinase,
blocks D1 dopamine receptor agonist activation of ERK1/2/MAP kinase in
the dopamine-depleted striatum, as well as the supersensitive induction
of IEGs. These results demonstrate that dopamine input to the striatum
maintains distinct forms of protein kinase-mediated gene regulation in
the direct and indirect striatal projection neurons.
Key words:
dopamine; striatum; Parkinson's disease; gene
regulation; signal transduction; MAP kinase; protein kinase
Copyright © 2002 Society for Neuroscience 0270-6474/02/22125042-13$05.00/0
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