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The Journal of Neuroscience, September 1, 2002, 22(17):7326-7330
BRIEF COMMUNICATION
Differential Resynchronisation of Circadian Clock Gene Expression
within the Suprachiasmatic Nuclei of Mice Subjected to Experimental Jet
Lag
A. B.
Reddy1, *,
M. D.
Field2, *,
E. S.
Maywood1, and
M. H.
Hastings1
1 Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular
Biology, Division of Neurobiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge,
CB2 2QH, United Kingdom, and 2 Department of Anatomy,
University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 3DY, United Kingdom
Disruption of the circadian timing system arising from travel
between time zones ("jet lag") and rotational shift work impairs mental and physical performance and severely compromises long-term health. Circadian disruption is more severe during adaptation to
advances in local time, because the circadian clock takes much longer
to phase advance than delay. The recent identification of mammalian
circadian clock genes now makes it possible to examine time zone
adjustments from the perspective of molecular events within the
suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), the principal circadian oscillator.
Current models of the clockwork posit interlocked transcriptional/post-translational feedback loops based on the light-sensitive Period (Per) genes and
the Cryptochrome (Cry) genes, which are
indirectly regulated by light. We show that circadian cycles of
mPer expression in the mouse SCN react rapidly to an advance in the lighting schedule, whereas rhythmic mCry1
expression advances more slowly, in parallel to the gradual resetting
of the activity-rest cycle. In contrast, during a delay in local time
the mPer and mCry cycles react rapidly,
completing the 6 hr shift together by the second cycle, in parallel
with the activity-rest cycle. These results reveal the potential for
dissociation of mPer and mCry expression
within the central oscillator during circadian resetting and a
differential molecular response of the clock during advance and delay
resetting. They highlight the indirect photic regulation of
mCry1 as a potentially rate-limiting factor in
behavioral adjustment to time zone transitions.
Key words:
entrainment; period; cryptochrome; circadian; suprachiasmatic nuclei; jet lag
*
A.B.R. and M.D.F. contributed equally to this work.
Copyright © 2002 Society for Neuroscience 0270-6474/02/22177326-05$05.00/0
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