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The Journal of Neuroscience, September 15, 2002, 22(18):7873-7878
Non-Fc-Mediated Mechanisms Are Involved in Clearance of
Amyloid- In Vivo by Immunotherapy
Brian J.
Bacskai1,
Stephen T.
Kajdasz1,
Megan
E.
McLellan1,
Dora
Games2,
Peter
Seubert2,
Dale
Schenk2, and
Bradley T.
Hyman1
1 Alzheimer's Disease Research Laboratory,
Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129, and
2 Elan Pharmaceuticals, South San Francisco, California
94080
Transgenic (Tg) mouse models overexpressing amyloid
precursor protein (APP) develop senile plaques similar to those
found in Alzheimer's disease in an age-dependent manner. Recent
reports demonstrated that immunotherapy is effective at preventing or removing amyloid- deposits in the mouse models. To characterize the
mechanisms involved in clearance, we used antibodies of either IgG1
(10d5) or IgG2b (3d6) applied directly to the brains of 18-month-old Tg2576 or 20-month-old PDAPP mice. Both 10d5 and 3d6 led to
clearance of 50% of diffuse amyloid deposits in both animal models
within 3 d. Fc receptor-mediated clearance has been shown to be
important in an ex vivo assay showing antibody-mediated
clearance of plaques by microglia. We now show, using in
vivo multiphoton microscopy, that FITC-labeled
F(ab')2 fragments of 3d6 (which lack the Fc region of the
antibody) also led to clearance of 45% of the deposits within 3 d, similar to the results obtained with full-length 3d6 antibody. This
result suggests that direct disruption of plaques, in addition to
Fc-dependent phagocytosis, is involved in the antibody-mediated clearance of amyloid- deposits in vivo. Dense-core
deposits that were not cleared were reduced in size by ~30% with
full-length antibodies and F(ab')2 fragments 3 d after
a topical treatment. Together, these results indicate that clearance of
amyloid deposits in vivo may involve, in addition to
Fc-dependent clearance, a non-Fc-mediated disruption of plaque structure.
Key words:
amyloid; transgenic; Alzheimer; multiphoton; imaging; senile plaque; microglia; immunotherapy; antibody
Copyright © 2002 Society for Neuroscience 0270-6474/02/22187873-06$05.00/0
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