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The Journal of Neuroscience, November 1, 2002, 22(21):9305-9319
Genome-Wide Expression Analysis in Drosophila
Reveals Genes Controlling Circadian Behavior
M. Fernanda
Ceriani1,
John B.
Hogenesch2,
Marcelo
Yanovsky1,
Satchidananda
Panda1, 2,
Martin
Straume3, and
Steve A.
Kay1, 2
1 Institute of Childhood and Neglected Diseases,
Department of Cell Biology-ICND216, The Scripps Research Institute,
La Jolla, California 92037, 2 Genomics Institute of the
Novartis Research Foundation, La Jolla, California 92121, and
3 Center for Biomathematical Technology. University of
Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904
In Drosophila, a number of key processes such as
emergence from the pupal case, locomotor activity, feeding, olfaction,
and aspects of mating behavior are under circadian regulation. Although we have a basic understanding of how the molecular oscillations take
place, a clear link between gene regulation and downstream biological processes is still missing. To identify clock-controlled output genes, we have used an oligonucleotide-based high-density array
that interrogates gene expression changes on a whole genome level. We
found genes regulating various physiological processes to be under
circadian transcriptional regulation, ranging from protein stability
and degradation, signal transduction, heme metabolism, detoxification,
and immunity. By comparing rhythmically expressed genes in the fly head
and body, we found that the clock has adapted its output functions to
the needs of each particular tissue, implying that tissue-specific
regulation is superimposed on clock control of gene expression.
Finally, taking full advantage of the fly as a model system, we have
identified and characterized a cycling potassium channel protein as a
key step in linking the transcriptional feedback loop to rhythmic
locomotor behavior.
Key words:
oligonucleotide arrays; Drosophila; circadian
outputs; slowpoke; locomotor behavior; gating
Copyright © 2002 Society for Neuroscience 0270-6474/02/22219305-15$05.00/0
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