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The Journal of Neuroscience, February 1, 2002, 22(3):748-756
Ultrastructure of a Somatic Spine Mat for Nicotinic Signaling in Neurons
Richard D. Shoop1, Eduardo Esquenazi2, 3, Naoko Yamada2, 3, Mark H. Ellisman2, 3, and Darwin K. Berg1 1 Neurobiology Section, Division of Biology, 2 Department of Neuroscience, and the 3 National Center for Microscopy and Imaging Research, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0357
Chick ciliary neurons have somatic spines grouped in discrete clumps or mats tightly folded against the soma and enriched in nicotinic receptors containing
7 subunits. An embryonic ciliary neuron has one to two dozen such spine mats, all overlaid by a large presynaptic calyx engulfing the cell. Three-dimensional tomographic reconstruction from serial thick sections revealed 13 somatic spines in one complete spine mat on a ciliary neuron late in embryogenesis. The spines varied in morphology and usually were branched but had numerous similarities to dendritic spines, including mean length, volume, surface area, presence of endoplasmic reticulum, and occasional multivesicular bodies. The spines invariably were connected to the soma via a narrow neck of ~0.2 µm in diameter as found for dendritic spines, suggesting restricted access from spine lumen to soma. A prominent difference between dendritic and somatic spines is the absence of postsynaptic densities from most somatic spines both on embryonic and adult ciliary neurons. Transmitter access to receptors on the spines may occur either by lateral diffusion from release sites over nearby postsynaptic densities or by release directly onto spines from the overlying calyx lined with vesicles. The latter is less likely in the adult, where some spines are adjacent to but not overlaid by vesicle-enriched presynaptic structures. The anatomical configuration of spine mats suggests coordinate spine activation by transmitter release into a confined volume while spine morphology is used to control the chemical consequences of synaptic signaling.
Key words: nicotinic; spine; receptor; ciliary; ganglion; synapse
Copyright © 2002 Society for Neuroscience 0270-6474/02/223748-09$05.00/0
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