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The Journal of Neuroscience, March 1, 2002, 22(5):1608-1617
Fast Vesicle Recycling Supports Neurotransmission during
Sustained Stimulation at Hippocampal Synapses
Yildirim
Sara,
Marina G.
Mozhayeva,
Xinran
Liu, and
Ege
T.
Kavalali
Center for Basic Neuroscience and Department of Physiology,
University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
75390-9111
High-frequency induced short-term synaptic depression is a common
feature of central synapses in which synaptic responses rapidly
decrease to a sustained level. A limitation in the availability of
release-ready vesicles is thought to be a major factor underlying this
phenomenon. Here, we studied the kinetics of vesicle reavailability and
reuse during synaptic depression at hippocampal synapses. High-intensity stimulation of neurotransmitter release was induced by
hyperosmolarity, high potassium, or action potential firing at 30 Hz to
produce synaptic depression. Under these conditions, synaptic
transmission rapidly depressed to a plateau level that was typically
10-40% of the initial response and persisted at this level for at
least 5 min regardless of the developmental stage of synapses. This
nondeclining phase of transmission was partly sustained by fast
recycling and reuse of synaptic vesicles even after minutes of
stimulation. Simultaneous electrical recording of postsynaptic
responses and styryl dye destaining showed that after an initial round
of exocytosis, vesicles were available for reuse with a delay between 1 and 3 sec during 30 Hz action potential or hypertonicity-induced
stimulation. During these stimulation paradigms, there was a limited
mobilization of vesicles from the reserve pool. During 10 Hz
stimulation, however, the extent of vesicle reuse was minimal during
the first 20 sec. These results suggest a role for fast vesicle
recycling as a functional homeostatic mechanism that prevents vesicle
depletion and maintains synaptic responses in the face of intense stimulation.
Key words:
synaptic vesicle recycling; endocytosis; synaptic
depression; FM1-43; patch clamp; hippocampal culture
Copyright © 2002 Society for Neuroscience 0270-6474/02/2251608-10$05.00/0
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