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The Journal of Neuroscience, April 1, 2002, 22(7):2855-2861
Synchronized Neuronal Discharge in the Basal Ganglia of
Parkinsonian Patients Is Limited to Oscillatory Activity
Ron
Levy1,
William D.
Hutchison1, 2, 3,
Andres M.
Lozano2, 3, and
Jonathan O.
Dostrovsky1, 3
1 Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine,
University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 1A8,
2 Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery,
University of Toronto, The Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario,
Canada M5T 2S8, and 3 The Toronto Western Research
Institute, The Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5T
2S8
It has been proposed that an increase in synchronization between
neurons in the basal ganglia contributes to the clinical features of
Parkinson's disease (PD). To examine this hypothesis, we looked for
correlations in the discharge activity of pairs of neurons in the
globus pallidus internus (GPi), globus pallidus externus (GPe), and the
substantia nigra pars reticulata (SNr). Recordings were performed in PD
patients undergoing functional stereotactic mapping for pallidotomy
(eight patients) or subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation
(four patients). A double-microelectrode setup was used to
simultaneously record from neurons separated by distances as small as
250 µm. In the five pallidotomy patients without limb tremor during
the procedure, none of the 73 GPi pairs and 15 GPe pairs displayed
synchronous activity. In the three pallidotomy patients with limb
tremor, 6 of 21 GPi pairs and 5 of 29 GPe pairs displayed oscillatory
synchronization in the frequency range of the ongoing limb tremor (3-6
Hz) or at higher frequencies (15-30 Hz). Synchronized activity was not
observed in the SNr (10 pairs). The findings indicate that oscillatory
synchronization between pairs of GPi or GPe neurons is found in
patients with limb tremor. These results also suggest that overt
neuronal synchronization, which may be attributable to an
increase in direct synaptic connections or common collateral afferent
inputs, is not present in the basal ganglia of patients with PD.
Key words:
Parkinson's disease; globus pallidus; subthalamic
nucleus; substantia nigra pars reticulata; synchronization; limb
tremor
Copyright © 2002 Society for Neuroscience 0270-6474/02/2272855-07$05.00/0
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