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The Journal of Neuroscience, July 2, 2003, 23(13):5496-5502
Previous Article | Next Article 
Acid-Sensing Ion Channel 1 Is Localized in Brain Regions with High Synaptic Density and Contributes to Fear Conditioning
John A. Wemmie,1,6,7,8
Candice C. Askwith,3,7
Ejvis Lamani,1
Martin D. Cassell,4,6
John H. Freeman, Jr,5,6 and
Michael J. Welsh2,3,6,7
Departments of 1Psychiatry,
2Physiology and Biophysics,
3Internal Medicine, 4Anatomy
and Cell Biology, and 5Psychology, and
6Neuroscience Graduate Program and
7Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Iowa,
Iowa City, Iowa 52242 and 8Department of Veterans
Affairs Medical Center, Iowa City, Iowa 52242
The acid-sensing ion channel, ASIC1, contributes to synaptic plasticity in
the hippocampus and to hippocampus-dependent spatial memory. To explore the
role of ASIC1 in brain, we examined the distribution of ASIC1 protein.
Surprisingly, although ASIC1 was present in the hippocampal circuit, it was
much more abundant in several areas outside the hippocampus. ASIC1 was
enriched in areas with strong excitatory synaptic input such as the glomerulus
of the olfactory bulb, whisker barrel cortex, cingulate cortex, striatum,
nucleus accumbens, amygdala, and cerebellar cortex. Because ASIC1 levels were
particularly high in the amygdala, we focused further on this area. We found
that extracellular acidosis elicited a greater current density in amygdala
neurons than hippocampal neurons and that disrupting the ASIC1 gene eliminated
H+-evoked currents in the amygdala. We also tested the effect of
ASIC1 on amygdala-dependent behavior; ASIC1-null mice displayed deficits in
cue and context fear conditioning, yet baseline fear on the elevated plus maze
was intact. These studies suggest that ASIC1 is distributed to regions
supporting high levels of synaptic plasticity and contributes to the neural
mechanisms of fear conditioning.
Key words: ASIC1; localization; CNS; fear conditioning; emotion; learning, memory
Received Feb. 11, 2003;
revised Apr. 23, 2003;
accepted Apr. 23, 2003.
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