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The Journal of Neuroscience, January 15, 2003, 23(2):561-567

Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Alters Axon Schwann Cell Units and Promotes Myelination in Unmyelinated Nerve Fibers

Ahmet Höke¹, Tony Ho¹, Thomas O. Crawford¹, Carl LeBel², Dana Hilt², and John W. Griffin¹

¹ Johns Hopkins Hospital, Department of Neurology, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, and ² Amgen, Inc., Thousand Oaks, California 91320-1799

Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) plays an important role in the development and maintenance of a subset of dorsal root ganglion sensory neurons. We administered high-dose exogenous recombinant human GDNF (rhGDNF) daily to adult rats to examine its effect on unmyelinated axon-Schwann cell units in intact peripheral nerves. In rhGDNF-treated animals, there was a dramatic proliferation in the Schwann cells of unmyelinated fibers, which resulted in the segregation of many unmyelinated axons into a 1:1 relationship with Schwann cells and myelination of normally unmyelinated small axons. This study demonstrates that the administration of high doses of a growth factor to adult rats can change the phenotype of nerve fibers from unmyelinated to myelinated.

Key words: GDNF; myelination; Schwann cell; unmyelinated axon; sciatic nerve; Remak bundles

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Copyright © 2003 Society for Neuroscience  0270-6474/03/232561-07$05.00/0

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