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The Journal of Neuroscience, September 10, 2003, 23(23):8193-8203

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In Vitro Generation of Early-Born Neurons from Late Retinal Progenitors

Jackson James,1 Ani V. Das,1 Sumitra Bhattacharya,1 David M. Chacko,2 Xing Zhao,1 and Iqbal Ahmad1

1Department of Ophthalmology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, and 2Grene Vision Group, Wichita, Kansas 67208

Evidence suggests that, as development ensues, the competence of neural progenitors is progressively altered, such that they become fated to give rise to neurons of a particular stage. Here, we demonstrate that late retinal progenitors can give rise to retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), an example of an early-born cell type in the retina. A subset of late retinal progenitors in vitro responds to cues that favor RGC differentiation by displaying markers characteristic of RGCs. In addition, mechanisms used during normal RGC differentiation are recruited by these cells toward their differentiation along RGC lineage. Our observations suggest that late neural progenitors may not be irreversibly fated but may appear as such under the constraints dictated by epigenetic cues.

Key words: retinal ganglion cells; Notch; stem cells/progenitors; differentiation; Ath5; Brn3b


Received April 29, 2003; revised July 2, 2003; accepted July 21, 2003.




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