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The Journal of Neuroscience, February 15, 2003, 23(4):1265

The H⁺-Coupled Electrogenic Lysosomal Amino Acid Transporter LYAAT1 Localizes to the Axon and Plasma Membrane of Hippocampal Neurons

Christopher C. Wreden¹, Juliette Johnson², Cindy Tran¹, Rebecca P. Seal¹, David R. Copenhagen², Richard J. Reimer^{1, 3}, and Robert H. Edwards¹

Departments of ¹ Neurology and Physiology and ² Ophthalmology and Physiology, and ³ Graduate Programs in Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of California San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, California 94143

Recent work has identified a lysosomal protein that transports neutral amino acids (LYAAT1). We now show that LYAAT1 mediates H⁺ cotransport with a stoichiometry of 1 H⁺/1 amino acid, consistent with a role in the active efflux of amino acids from lysosomes. In neurons, however, LYAAT1 localizes to axonal processes as well as lysosomes. In axons LYAAT1 fails to colocalize with synaptic markers. Rather, axonal LYAAT1 colocalizes with the exocyst, suggesting a role for membranes expressing LYAAT1 in specifying sites for exocytosis. A protease protection assay and measurements of intracellular pH further indicate abundant expression at the plasma membrane, raising the possibility of physiological roles for LYAAT1 on the cell surface as well as in lysosomes.

Key words: LYAAT1; lysosome; neutral amino acid transport; exocyst; axon; neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis

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Copyright © 2003 Society for Neuroscience  0270-6474/03/2341265-11$05.00/0

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