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The Journal of Neuroscience, March 1, 2003, 23(5):1584

BRIEF COMMUNICATION
Opposing Roles of D₁ and D₂ Receptors in Appetitive Conditioning

Yaniv S. Eyny and Jon C. Horvitz

Department of Psychology and Program in Neurobiology and Behavior, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027

Previous studies have shown that D₁ receptor blockade disrupts and D₂ receptor blockade enhances long-term potentiation. These data lead to the prediction that D₁ antagonists will attenuate and D₂ antagonists will potentiate at least some types of learning. The prediction is difficult to test, however, because disruptions in either D₁ or D₂ transmission lead to reduced locomotion, exploration, and response execution and are therefore likely to impair learning that requires behavioral responding (including exploration of an environment) during the learning episode. Under a paradigm that minimizes motor requirements, rats were trained to enter a food compartment during pellet presentation. Animals then received tone-food pairings under the influence of D₁ antagonist SCH23390 (0, 0.4, 0.8, and 0.16 mg/kg) or D₂ antagonist raclopride (0, 0.2, 0.4, and 0.8 mg/kg). An additional group received unpaired presentations of tone and food. On a drug-free test day 24 hr later, animals that had been under the influence of SCH23390 (like animals that had received unpaired presentations of tone and food) showed reduced head entries in response to the tone, whereas animals that had been under the influence of raclopride showed increased head entries in response to the tone compared with vehicle controls. These data demonstrate that, under a conditioned approach paradigm, D₁ and D₂ family receptor antagonists disrupt and promote learning, respectively, as predicted by the effects of D₁ and D₂ receptor blockade on neuronal plasticity.

Key words: dopamine; learning motivation; plasticity; conditioning; D₁; D₂; rat

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Copyright © 2003 Society for Neuroscience  0270-6474/03/2351584-04$05.00/0

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