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The Journal of Neuroscience, March 15, 2003, 23(6):2371

Regulation of Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase by Cannabinoids in Hippocampus

Pascal Derkinderen1, *, Emmanuel Valjent1, 2, *, Madeleine Toutant1, Jean-Christophe Corvol1, Hervé Enslen1, Catherine Ledent3, James Trzaskos4, Jocelyne Caboche2, and Jean-Antoine Girault1

1 Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale/Université Pierre et Marie Curie U536, Institut du Fer à Moulin, Paris, France 75005, 2 Laboratoire de Neurobiologie des Processus Adaptatifs, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique and Université Pierre et Marie Curie, UPMC Unité Mixte de Recherche 7102, Paris, France 75005, 3 Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Biologie Humaine et Nucléaire, Université Libre de Bruxelles, B1070, Brussels, Belgium, and 4 Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Wilmington, Delaware 19880-0400

Endocannabinoids form a novel class of intercellular messengers, the functions of which include retrograde signaling in the brain and mediation or modulation of several types of synaptic plasticity. Yet, the signaling mechanisms and long-term effects of the stimulation of CB1 cannabinoid receptors (CB1-R) are poorly understood. We show that anandamide, 2-arachidonoyl-glycerol, and Delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) activated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) in hippocampal slices. In living mice, THC activated ERK in hippocampal neurons and induced its accumulation in the nuclei of pyramidal cells in CA1 and CA3. Both effects were attributable to stimulation of CB1-R and activation of MAP kinase/ERK kinase (MEK). In hippocampal slices, the stimulation of ERK was independent of phosphatidyl-inositol-3-kinase but was regulated by cAMP. The endocannabinoid-induced stimulation of ERK was lost in Fyn knock-out mice, in slices and in vivo, although it was insensitive to inhibitors of Src-family tyrosine kinases in vitro, suggesting a noncatalytic role of Fyn. Finally, the effects of cannabinoids on ERK activation were dependent on the activity of glutamate NMDA receptors in vivo, but not in hippocampal slices, indicating the existence of several pathways linking CB1-R to the ERK cascade. In vivo THC induced the expression of immediate-early genes products (c-Fos protein, Zif268, and BDNF mRNAs), and this induction was prevented by an inhibitor of MEK. The strong potential of cannabinoids for inducing long-term alterations in hippocampal neurons through the activation of the ERK pathway may be important for the physiological control of synaptic plasticity and for the general effects of THC in the context of drug abuse.

Key words: hippocampus; cannabinoids; 2-AG; anandamide; CB1-R; THC; LPA; ERK; phosphorylation; Fyn; immediate-early genes; c-Fos; Zif268; BDNF; slices; rat; mouse


* P.D. and E.V. contributed equally to this work.


Copyright © 2003 Society for Neuroscience  0270-6474/03/2362371-12$05.00/0


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