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The Journal of Neuroscience, March 15, 2003, 23(6):2371
Regulation of Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase by
Cannabinoids in Hippocampus
Pascal
Derkinderen1, *,
Emmanuel
Valjent1, 2, *,
Madeleine
Toutant1,
Jean-Christophe
Corvol1,
Hervé
Enslen1,
Catherine
Ledent3,
James
Trzaskos4,
Jocelyne
Caboche2, and
Jean-Antoine
Girault1
1 Institut National de la Santé et de la
Recherche Médicale/Université Pierre et Marie Curie U536,
Institut du Fer à Moulin, Paris, France 75005, 2 Laboratoire de Neurobiologie des Processus Adaptatifs,
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique and Université
Pierre et Marie Curie, UPMC Unité Mixte de Recherche 7102, Paris, France 75005, 3 Institut de Recherche
Interdisciplinaire en Biologie Humaine et Nucléaire,
Université Libre de Bruxelles, B1070, Brussels, Belgium, and
4 Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Wilmington, Delaware
19880-0400
Endocannabinoids form a novel class of intercellular messengers,
the functions of which include retrograde signaling in the brain
and mediation or modulation of several types of synaptic plasticity.
Yet, the signaling mechanisms and long-term effects of the stimulation
of CB1 cannabinoid receptors (CB1-R) are poorly understood. We show
that anandamide, 2-arachidonoyl-glycerol, and 9-tetrahydrocannabinol
(THC) activated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) in
hippocampal slices. In living mice, THC activated ERK in hippocampal
neurons and induced its accumulation in the nuclei of pyramidal cells
in CA1 and CA3. Both effects were attributable to stimulation of CB1-R
and activation of MAP kinase/ERK kinase (MEK). In hippocampal slices,
the stimulation of ERK was independent of
phosphatidyl-inositol-3-kinase but was regulated by cAMP. The endocannabinoid-induced stimulation of ERK was lost in Fyn knock-out mice, in slices and in vivo, although it was insensitive
to inhibitors of Src-family tyrosine kinases in vitro,
suggesting a noncatalytic role of Fyn. Finally, the effects of
cannabinoids on ERK activation were dependent on the activity of
glutamate NMDA receptors in vivo, but not in hippocampal
slices, indicating the existence of several pathways linking CB1-R to
the ERK cascade. In vivo THC induced the expression of
immediate-early genes products (c-Fos protein, Zif268, and BDNF mRNAs),
and this induction was prevented by an inhibitor of MEK. The
strong potential of cannabinoids for inducing long-term alterations in
hippocampal neurons through the activation of the ERK pathway may be
important for the physiological control of synaptic plasticity and for
the general effects of THC in the context of drug abuse.
Key words:
hippocampus; cannabinoids; 2-AG; anandamide; CB1-R; THC; LPA; ERK; phosphorylation; Fyn; immediate-early genes; c-Fos; Zif268; BDNF; slices; rat; mouse
*
P.D. and E.V. contributed equally to this work.
Copyright © 2003 Society for Neuroscience 0270-6474/03/2362371-12$05.00/0
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