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The Journal of Neuroscience, March 24, 2004, 24(12):3094-3103; doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.5118-03.2004

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Behavioral/Systems/Cognitive
Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase 67 mRNA Regulation in Two Globus Pallidus Neuron Populations by Dopamine and the Subthalamic Nucleus

Lauren M. Billings and John F. Marshall

Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, California 92627-4550

The globus pallidus (GP) consists of two neuron populations, distinguished according to their immunoreactivity for parvalbumin (PV). The PV-immunoreactive (PV+) neurons project preferentially to "downstream" targets such as the subthalamic and entopeduncular nuclei, whereas neurons lacking PV (PV– neurons) project preferentially to the striatum, suggesting a role for PV– cells in feedback to striatal neurons. Although dopamine D2 antagonist administration induces immediate early gene expression preferentially in PV– GP neurons, little is known about long-term regulation of PV– versus PV+ GP neurons. Nigral 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) lesions or repeated D2-class antagonist injections have been shown to increase pallidal expression of glutamate decarboxylase (GAD₆₇ isoform) mRNA. This increase in GAD₆₇ is believed to be secondary to activation of excitatory subthalamopallidal projections. The current study examined the effects of subthalamic nucleus (STN) lesion on 6-OHDA- or repeated D2 antagonist-induced changes in GP GAD₆₇ mRNA expression in PV+ and PV– neurons. Five or 21 d after nigral 6-OHDA injections or after 3, 7, or 21 d of D2 antagonist administration, GAD₆₇ mRNA increased in both the PV– and PV+ GP neurons, but the magnitude of the increase was significantly greater in PV– neurons. By contrast, STN lesion resulted in declines in GAD₆₇ mRNA in both cell populations, with the decreases in PV+ neurons exceeding those in PV– neurons. Furthermore, STN lesion completely blocked 6-OHDA- or D2 antagonist-induced GAD₆₇ mRNA increases in PV+ cells but only partly offset the GAD₆₇ mRNA increase in PV– pallidal neurons. Thus, the PV+ and PV– neurons are influenced in qualitatively similar ways by dopamine and the STN, but these cell types exhibit contrasting degrees of regulation by the dopaminergic and STN perturbations. This pattern of results has implications for pallidal control of striatal versus downstream basal ganglia nuclei.

Key words: dopamine; GAD; globus pallidus (pallidum); Parkinson; substantia nigra; subthalamic nucleus

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Received July 30, 2003; revised February 11, 2004; accepted February 11, 2004.

This article has been cited by other articles:

				N. Kobori and P. K. Dash Reversal of brain injury-induced prefrontal glutamic acid decarboxylase expression and working memory deficits by D1 receptor antagonism. J. Neurosci., April 19, 2006; 26(16): 4236 - 4246. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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