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The Journal of Neuroscience, November 10, 2004, 24(45):10128-10137; doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.3117-04.2004
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Cellular/Molecular
Molecular Determinants of Ligand Selectivity in a Vertebrate Odorant Receptor
Percy Luu,1
Francine Acher,2
Hugues-Olivier Bertrand,3
Jinhong Fan,1 and
John Ngai1
1Department of Molecular and Cell Biology and Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, 2Laboratoire de Chimie et Biochimie Pharmacologiques et Toxicologiques, Unité Mixte de Recherche 8601, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université René Descartes-Paris V, 75270 Paris Cedex 06, France, and 3Accelrys, 91893 Orsay Cedex, France
The identification of the chemical structure of an odorant by the vertebrate olfactory system is thought to occur through the combinatorial activity from multiple receptors, each tuned to recognize different chemical features. What are the molecular determinants underlying the selectivity of individual odorant receptors for their cognate ligands? To address this question, we performed molecular modeling and site-directed mutagenesis on the ligand-binding region of two orthologous amino acid odorant receptors belonging to the "C family" of G-protein-coupled receptors in goldfish and zebrafish. We identified the critical ligand-receptor interactions that afford ligand binding as well as selectivity for different amino acids. Moreover, predictions regarding binding pocket structure allowed us to alter, in a predictable manner, the receptor preferences for different ligands. These results reveal how this class of odorant receptor has evolved to accommodate ligands of varying chemical structure and further illuminate the molecular principles underlying ligand recognition and selectivity in this family of chemosensory receptors.
Key words: olfaction; olfactory; odorant receptor; G-protein-coupled receptor; ligand binding; signal transduction
Received July 30, 2004;
revised September 30, 2004;
accepted October 1, 2004.
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