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The Journal of Neuroscience, June 8, 2005, 25(23):5511-5520; doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0900-05.2005

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Neurobiology of Disease
Status Epilepticus Increases the Intracellular Accumulation of GABA_A Receptors

Howard P. Goodkin,^1,2 Jwu-Lai Yeh,³ and Jaideep Kapur¹

Departments of ¹Neurology and ²Pediatrics, University of Virginia Health Sciences Center, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908, and ³Department and Graduate Institute of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan

Status epilepticus is a neurological emergency that results in mortality and neurological morbidity. It has been postulated that the reduction of inhibitory transmission during status epilepticus results from a rapid modification of GABA_A receptors. However, the mechanism(s) that contributes to this modification has not been elucidated. We report, using an in vitro model of status epilepticus combined with electrophysiological and cellular imaging techniques, that prolonged epileptiform bursting results in a reduction of GABA-mediated synaptic inhibition. Furthermore, we found that constitutive internalization of GABA_A receptors is rapid and accelerated by the increased neuronal activity associated with seizures. Inhibition of neuronal activity reduced the rate of internalization. These findings suggest that the rate of GABA_A receptor internalization is regulated by neuronal activity and its acceleration contributes to the reduction of inhibitory transmission observed during prolonged seizures.

Key words: GABA_A receptor; endocytosis; status epilepticus; neuronal activity; plasticity; synapse

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Received March 7, 2005; revised April 18, 2005; accepted April 26, 2005.

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