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The Journal of Neuroscience, March 28, 2007, 27(13):3395-3407; doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4605-06.2007
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Development/Plasticity/Repair
Robo1 and Robo2 Cooperate to Control the Guidance of Major Axonal Tracts in the Mammalian Forebrain
Guillermina López-Bendito,1
Nuria Flames,1
Le Ma,2
Coralie Fouquet,3,4
Thomas Di Meglio,3,4
Alain Chedotal,3,4
Marc Tessier-Lavigne,2,5 and
Oscar Marín1
1Instituto de Neurociencias de Alicante, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas and Universidad Miguel Hernández, 03550 Sant Joan d'Alacant, Spain, 2Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Biological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, 3Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 7102, and 4Université Pierre et Marie CurieParis 6, UMR 7102, 75005 Paris, France, and 5Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California 84080
Correspondence should be addressed to Dr. Oscar Marín, Instituto de Neurociencias de Alicante, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas and Universidad Miguel Hernández, 03550 Sant Joan d'Alacant, Spain. Email: o.marin{at}umh.es
The function of the nervous system depends on the precision of axon wiring during development. Previous studies have demonstrated that Slits, a family of secreted chemorepellent proteins, are crucial for the proper development of several major forebrain tracts. Mice deficient in Slit2 or, even more so, in both Slit1 and Slit2 have defects in multiple axonal pathways, including corticofugal, thalamocortical, and callosal connections. In the spinal cord, members of the Robo family of proteins help mediate the function of Slits, but the relative contribution of these receptors to the guidance of forebrain projections remains to be determined. In the present study, we addressed the function of Robo1 and Robo2 in the guidance of forebrain projections by analyzing Robo1-, Robo2-, and Robo1;Robo2-deficient mice. Mice deficient in Robo2 and, more dramatically, in both Robo1 and Robo2, display prominent axon guidance errors in the development of corticofugal, thalamocortical, and corticocortical callosal connections. Our results demonstrate that Robo1 and Robo2 mostly cooperate to mediate the function of Slit proteins in guiding the major forebrain projections.
Key words: axon guidance; cortex; repulsion; Robo; Slit; midline; thalamocortical
Received Oct. 24, 2006;
revised Feb. 15, 2007;
accepted Feb. 19, 2007.
Correspondence should be addressed to Dr. Oscar Marín, Instituto de Neurociencias de Alicante, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas and Universidad Miguel Hernández, 03550 Sant Joan d'Alacant, Spain. Email: o.marin{at}umh.es
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